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Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs

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Chapter Checklist

  • 1 Building Abstractions with Procedures
    • 1.1 The Elements of Programming
      • 1.1.1 Expressions
      • 1.1.2 Naming and the Environment
      • 1.1.3 Evaluating Combinations
      • 1.1.4 Compound Procedures
      • 1.1.5 The Substitution Model for Procedure Application
      • 1.1.6 Conditional Expressions and Predicates
      • 1.1.7 Example: Square Roots by Newton’s Method
      • 1.1.8 Procedures as Black-Box Abstractions
    • 1.2 Procedures and the Processes They Generate
      • 1.2.1 Linear Recursion and Iteration
      • 1.2.2 Tree Recursion
      • 1.2.3 Orders of Growth
      • 1.2.4 Exponentiation
      • 1.2.5 Greatest Common Divisors
      • 1.2.6 Example: Testing for Primality
    • 1.3 Formulating Abstractions with Higher-Order Procedures
      • 1.3.1 Procedures as Arguments
      • 1.3.2 Constructing Procedures Using Lambda
      • 1.3.3 Procedures as General Methods
      • 1.3.4 Procedures as Returned Values
  • 2 Building Abstractions with Data
    • 2.1 Introduction to Data Abstraction
      • 2.1.1 Example: Arithmetic Operations for Rational Numbers
      • 2.1.2 Abstraction Barriers
      • 2.1.3 What Is Meant by Data?
      • 2.1.4 Extended Exercise: Interval Arithmetic
    • 2.2 Hierarchical Data and the Closure Property
      • 2.2.1 Representing Sequences
      • 2.2.2 Hierarchical Structures
      • 2.2.3 Sequences as Conventional Interfaces
      • 2.2.4 Example: A Picture Language
    • 2.3 Symbolic Data
      • 2.3.1 Quotation
      • 2.3.2 Example: Symbolic Differentiation
      • 2.3.3 Example: Representing Sets
      • 2.3.4 Example: Huffman Encoding Trees
    • 2.4 Multiple Representations for Abstract Data
      • 2.4.1 Representations for Complex Numbers
      • 2.4.2 Tagged data
      • 2.4.3 Data-Directed Programming and Additivity
    • 2.5 Systems with Generic Operations
      • 2.5.1 Generic Arithmetic Operations
      • 2.5.2 Combining Data of Different Types
      • 2.5.3 Example: Symbolic Algebra
  • 3 Modularity, Objects, and State
    • 3.1 Assignment and Local State
      • 3.1.1 Local State Variables
      • 3.1.2 The Benefits of Introducing Assignment
      • 3.1.3 The Costs of Introducing Assignment
    • 3.2 The Environment Model of Evaluation
      • 3.2.1 The Rules for Evaluation
      • 3.2.2 Applying Simple Procedures
      • 3.2.3 Frames as the Repository of Local State
      • 3.2.4 Internal Definitions
    • 3.3 Modeling with Mutable Data
      • 3.3.1 Mutable List Structure
      • 3.3.2 Representing Queues
      • 3.3.3 Representing Tables
      • 3.3.4 A Simulator for Digital Circuits
      • 3.3.5 Propagation of Constraints
    • 3.4 Concurrency: Time Is of the Essence
      • 3.4.1 The Nature of Time in Concurrent Systems
      • 3.4.2 Mechanisms for Controlling Concurrency
    • 3.5 Streams
      • 3.5.1 Streams Are Delayed Lists
      • 3.5.2 Infinite Streams
      • 3.5.3 Exploiting the Stream Paradigm
      • 3.5.4 Streams and Delayed Evaluation
      • 3.5.5 Modularity of Functional Programs and Modularity of Objects
  • 4 Metalinguistic Abstraction
    • 4.1 The Metacircular Evaluator
      • 4.1.1 The Core of the Evaluator
      • 4.1.2 Representing Expressions
      • 4.1.3 Evaluator Data Structures
      • 4.1.4 Running the Evaluator as a Program
      • 4.1.5 Data as Programs
      • 4.1.6 Internal Definitions
      • 4.1.7 Separating Syntactic Analysis from Execution
    • 4.2 Variations on a Scheme — Lazy Evaluation
      • 4.2.1 Normal Order and Applicative Order
      • 4.2.2 An Interpreter with Lazy Evaluation
      • 4.2.3 Streams as Lazy Lists
    • 4.3 Variations on a Scheme — Nondeterministic Computing
      • 4.3.1 Amb and Search
      • 4.3.2 Examples of Nondeterministic Programs
      • 4.3.3 Implementing the Amb Evaluator
    • 4.4 Logic Programming
      • 4.4.1 Deductive Information Retrieval
      • 4.4.2 How the Query System Works
      • 4.4.3 Is Logic Programming Mathematical Logic?
      • 4.4.4 Implementing the Query System
  • 4.4.4.1 The Driver Loop and Instantiation
  • 4.4.4.2 The Evaluator
  • 4.4.4.3 Finding Assertions by Pattern Matching
  • 4.4.4.4 Rules and Unification
  • 4.4.4.5 Maintaining the Data Base
  • 4.4.4.6 Stream Operations
  • 4.4.4.7 Query Syntax Procedures
  • 4.4.4.8 Frames and Bindings
  • 5 Computing with Register Machines
    • 5.1 Designing Register Machines
      • 5.1.1 A Language for Describing Register Machines
      • 5.1.2 Abstraction in Machine Design
      • 5.1.3 Subroutines
      • 5.1.4 Using a Stack to Implement Recursion
      • 5.1.5 Instruction Summary
    • 5.2 A Register-Machine Simulator
      • 5.2.1 The Machine Model
      • 5.2.2 The Assembler
      • 5.2.3 Generating Execution Procedures for Instructions
      • 5.2.4 Monitoring Machine Performance
    • 5.3 Storage Allocation and Garbage Collection
      • 5.3.1 Memory as Vectors
      • 5.3.2 Maintaining the Illusion of Infinite Memory
    • 5.4 The Explicit-Control Evaluator
      • 5.4.1 The Core of the Explicit-Control Evaluator
      • 5.4.2 Sequence Evaluation and Tail Recursion
      • 5.4.3 Conditionals, Assignments, and Definitions
      • 5.4.4 Running the Evaluator
    • 5.5 Compilation
      • 5.5.1 Structure of the Compiler
      • 5.5.2 Compiling Expressions
      • 5.5.3 Compiling Combinations
      • 5.5.4 Combining Instruction Sequences
      • 5.5.5 An Example of Compiled Code
      • 5.5.6 Lexical Addressing
      • 5.5.7 Interfacing Compiled Code to the Evaluator